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Tracking symptoms of respiratory diseases online can give a picture of community health

Mvuyo Makhasi, National Institute for Communicable Diseases; Cheryl Cohen, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, and Sibongile Walaza, University of the Witwatersrand Respiratory diseases are highly infectious and cause a significant health burden. Disease surveillance is the bedrock of public health responses to outbreaks or epidemics caused by these diseases. Effective surveillance gives an indication of …

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COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Shot: Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why should I get vaccinated if the vaccine already needs a booster shot to protect me? Are vaccines not effective? Vaccines have been shown in controlled trials and in the evaluation of national vaccination programmes (e.g. United Kingdom) to reduce severe disease and mortality by up to 95-97%. This lifesaving effect has continued, even …

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No evidence that recent cases of typhoid fever are linked to contaminated municipal water in any part of the country

There are numerous social media posts with false information about enteric fever in South Africa that are attracting widespread attention and causing needless concern and panic at the moment. These posts allege either that there are currently cases of enteric fever in certain towns or provinces caused by contaminated municipal water, or that the bacteria …

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Changes to COVID-19 quarantine, isolation and contact tracing (17 Feb 2022)

As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, new knowledge regarding the nature of COVID-19 infection, greater appreciation of the costs associated with current practices, as well as rising vaccination rates and immunity to COVID-19 infection amongst South Africans, have necessitated substantial revision of recommendations regarding quarantine, isolation and contract tracing. Isolation for Asymptomatic COVID infection People with …

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Alert: Update on enteric fever in South Africa (18 Feb 2022)

Background Enteric fever is a potentially life-threatening infection. It includes typhoid fever (caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi) and paratyphoid fever (caused by the bacterium Salmonella Paratyphi A, B and C). These bacteria only infect humans, and humans are the only reservoirs. Transmission of the infection is by the faecal-oral route (through ingesting food or …

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South African scientists on the inside story of discovering omicron – and what their experience offers the world about future variants. Podcast

After South African scientists sounded the alarm about the new omicron variant, countries around the world closed their borders. Kim Ludbrook/EPA Gemma Ware, The Conversation and Daniel Merino, The Conversation What is it like to discover a new coronavirus variant? In this episode of The Conversation Weekly podcast, we hear the inside story from one …

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The importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions

In South Africa, the burden of communicable diseases greatly threatens the health sector, as recently demonstrated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that placed tremendous pressure on healthcare workers and the sector alike. For this reason, non-pharmaceutical interventions have been, and continue to be our best defence against communicable diseases. Adopting certain behaviour, for instance, healthy hand …

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Malaria Alert (24 Jan 2022)

Despite South Africa entering its peak malaria season, many malaria cases are being misdiagnosed as COVID-19. Both malaria and COVID-19 have similar non-specific early symptoms including fever, chills, headaches, fatigue and muscle pain. Undiagnosed and untreated malaria rapidly progresses to severe illness, with a potentially fatal outcome. Any individual presenting with fever or ‘flu-like illness, …

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COVID-19 and returning to work Frequently Asked Questions

Q: My manager has asked me to re-test before I can return to work even though I have been in self-isolation for 10 days. A: At present, re-testing people who have experienced mild illness, and have recovered from COVID-19 is not recommended. A person is considered safe to return to the workplace and discontinue self-isolation …

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