Current Issues

Evaluating SA’s Congenital Syphilis Notification Surveillance System

Current Issues, Surveillance Reports / By

How Effective is South Africa’s Congenital Syphilis Notification Surveillance System?  Congenital syphilis poses a severe threat to infants, being a debilitating and potentially life-threatening infection. When a pregnant mother carries syphilis, the spirochete Treponema pallidum can be transmitted to the unborn infant through the placenta, a process known as vertical transmission. Up to 80% of […]

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Diabetes Mellitus Mortality by Major Occupation Category in South Africa, 2009—2016

Case Studies, Current Issues / By

Does Occupation Impact Diabetes Mortality? In South Africa, diabetes mellitus (DM) is an escalating non-communicable disease (NCD) and a leading cause of death. Diabetes mellitus is characterised by a chronic hyperglycemia-induced triad of symptoms (polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia) caused by elevated blood glucose levels and metabolic dysregulation. In 2009, more than 2 million people aged

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Influenza Surveillance in South Africa

Current Issues, Surveillance Reports / By

This report summarizes the results of influenza surveillance in South Africa for the period of week 1 through week 32, 2022, and was compiled by the World Health Organization (WHO) National Influenza Centre (NIC) housed at the Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis (CRDM) of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD). During 2022, influenza

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Respiratory Pathogen Epidemiology from the Systematic Influenza-like Illness and Pneumonia Surveillance Programmes

Current Issues, Epidemiological Reports, Surveillance Reports / By

Syndromic respiratory illness surveillance programmes coordinated by the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) include pneumonia surveillance and two influenza-like illness (ILI) programmes: systematic ILI surveillance at public health clinics (ILI-PHC surveillance programme) and the Viral Watch programme (ILI-Viral Watch) at private practices. Respiratory samples collected from enrolled individuals meeting case definitions at sentinel sites

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Malaria Vector Surveillance Report

Current Issues, Surveillance Reports / By

Malaria in South Africa is seasonal and primarily occurs in the Limpopo, Mpumalanga and KwaZuluNatal provinces. Malaria vectors are controlled by indoor spraying of residual insecticides (IRS) and limited larval source management. Vector surveillance in collaboration with the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) during 2021 revealed the presence of four malaria vector species –

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Odyssean Malaria in Kempton Park, Gauteng Province – September 2021

Case Studies, Current Issues / By

Locally-acquired malaria is generally limited to endemic areas but local cases can occur outside of these areas owing to the inadvertent transfer of infective mosquitoes by means of road or air transport, referred to as ‘odyssean malaria’. Typically, delayed diagnosis and treatment leads to severe malaria illness and sometimes fatal outcomes. Two suspected odyssean malaria

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Surveillance for Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in South Africa, 2019 And 2020

Current Issues, Surveillance Reports / By

The World Health Organization has recently urged all countries to prioritize antimicrobial resistance surveillance for selected organisms including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). We conducted a mixed-methods cross-sectional study with both quantitative and qualitative components using GERMS-SA enhanced CRE national surveillance at four sentinel sites in Gauteng Province (Steve Biko academic, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Chris

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Paralysis Surveillance for Polio, South Africa, and Other African Countries, 2020

Current Issues / By

From January 2020 to December 2020, the South African national non-polio acute flaccid paralysis rate was 2.6/100 000 children under 15 years compared to 3.5/100 000 children in 2019. The country reached the World Health Organization target of 2.0/100 000 population under the age of 15, but did not reach the country’s target of 4.0/100

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