What is Soil Transmitted Helminths? Soil transmitted helminth infections (STH) are caused by species, including Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) and Trichuris trichiura. STH infections may be asymptomatic, heavy infections are associated with considerable morbidity, including abdominal pain, diarrhea and anemia, as well as impaired cognitive and physical development in children. STH infections focus on morbidity control …
What is Myiasis? Myiasis is the parasitic infestation of the body by the larvae (maggots) of fly species. Human myiasis is caused in sub-Saharan Africa by the Tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga) also known as mango fly or Putzi fly. The fly lays its eggs on the ground or on bedding or clothing that is laid …
Shigellosis in Publications Bulletin August 2014 Bulletin August 2013 Bulletin August 2012 Bulletin May 2011 Bulletin May 2010 Bulletin March 2009 Bulletin March 2008 Bulletin November 2007 Bulletin January 2005
What is Measles? Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus. Patients with measles present with fever and with a rash. The rash looks like small, red, flat spots over the body. The rash does not form blisters, nor is it itchy or painful. Other signs include cough, conjunctivitis (red eyes) and coryza …
This report summarizes the results of influenza surveillance in South Africa for the period of week 1 through week 32, 2022, and was compiled by the World Health Organization (WHO) National Influenza Centre (NIC) housed at the Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis (CRDM) of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD). During 2022, influenza …
Syndromic respiratory illness surveillance programmes coordinated by the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) include pneumonia surveillance and two influenza-like illness (ILI) programmes: systematic ILI surveillance at public health clinics (ILI-PHC surveillance programme) and the Viral Watch programme (ILI-Viral Watch) at private practices. Respiratory samples collected from enrolled individuals meeting case definitions at sentinel sites …
Malaria in South Africa is seasonal and primarily occurs in the Limpopo, Mpumalanga and KwaZuluNatal provinces. Malaria vectors are controlled by indoor spraying of residual insecticides (IRS) and limited larval source management. Vector surveillance in collaboration with the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) during 2021 revealed the presence of four malaria vector species – …
Locally-acquired malaria is generally limited to endemic areas but local cases can occur outside of these areas owing to the inadvertent transfer of infective mosquitoes by means of road or air transport, referred to as ‘odyssean malaria’. Typically, delayed diagnosis and treatment leads to severe malaria illness and sometimes fatal outcomes. Two suspected odyssean malaria …
Odyssean Malaria in Kempton Park, Gauteng Province – September 2021 Read More »
The World Health Organization has recently urged all countries to prioritize antimicrobial resistance surveillance for selected organisms including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). We conducted a mixed-methods cross-sectional study with both quantitative and qualitative components using GERMS-SA enhanced CRE national surveillance at four sentinel sites in Gauteng Province (Steve Biko academic, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Chris …
From January 2020 to December 2020, the South African national non-polio acute flaccid paralysis rate was 2.6/100 000 children under 15 years compared to 3.5/100 000 children in 2019. The country reached the World Health Organization target of 2.0/100 000 population under the age of 15, but did not reach the country’s target of 4.0/100 …
Paralysis Surveillance for Polio, South Africa, and Other African Countries, 2020 Read More »
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The Public Health Bulletin South Africa (PHBSA) website is hosted by the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) and the National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), divisions of the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS). The PHBSA website is funded jointly by the NICD and the US CDC Foundation and the Bloomberg Philanthropies Data for Health Initiative.
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